Objectives

• articulate the four classical conservation laws
• explain Newton's laws and, where appropriate, include the mathematical version
• understand the laws of thermodynamics
• state the ideal gas equation
• show the relationship between the equipartition theorem and degrees of freedom
• describe the dual nature of light
• list the fundamental forces in order of relative strength
• explain what is meant by "the atomic theory of matter"
• briefly describe some of the problems facing physicists at end of the nineteenth century