Objectives

• explain in simple terms how Laue proved the wave nature of x-rays
• state the two conditions for constructive interference, and the equation associated with each
• calculate wavelength of x-rays or inteplanar spacing of a crystal using Bragg's equation
• give the relation of a particle to a wavelength, known as the de Broglie wavelength
• derive the quantization of angular momentum using the de Broglie relation
• follow the discussion of Davisson and Germer's electron diffraction experiment
• analyze the general expression for a wave, Y(x,t) =A sin [2p/l (x - ut)], identifying the amplitude, wavelength and period
• define wave number k,angular frequency w, and phase constant, f
• know the important property of a wave packet
• understand and write down the equations for phase velocity, uph, and group velocity, ugr
• discuss the following experiments and their results : Young's double-slit and electron double-slit
• experiments
• state Bohr's principle of complementarity
• explain the solution of the wave-particle duality problem
• know what is meant by probability density, |Y|2
• perform the process of normalization on simple wave functions and explain why it is done
• discuss in your own words Heisenberg's uncertainty princple
• write down the equations for the uncertainty principle for momentum and displacement, and for energy and time